Essay/Term paper: Ah, woe is me

Essay, term paper, research paper:  English Literature Essays

Ah, Woe Is Me

A) Summary of The Story: In the beginning of this short story we are introduced
to Sarah, an aging black servant living in South Africa. She works hard for an
upper-class white family and spends all of her money on education for her three
children who are sent to a boarding school. They come home once a year at
Christmas, and the first time the narrator meets the children, she is surprised
at their well-mannered behaviour. She finds, however, that Sarah is a bit harsh
towards them, and she comments on this. Sarah tells her that it is better to
learn the lesson now and grow to accept one's fate later. In the course of the
following year, Sarah must give up her job because of her legs, and one day her
daughter comes to the house. Slowly she tells her story to the narrator. How the
younger brother is working now, and how she is taking care of Sarah. The
narrator offers her some clothes and some money and invites her inside for a cup
of tea. When she is about to leave, she starts crying and can only mutter that
her mother is very ill. Unsure of what to do, the narrator hands her a
handkerchief.

B) An Essay About the Text: The setting in this story is South Africa in the
1950's. Apartheid and segregation are words that describe the conditions under
which the blacks (the native Africans) live perfectly. The blacks nearly have no
rights and must accept being oppressed by the whites. Sarah is only one of many
poor blacks who only just manages to earn a living by working as a servant for a
rich white family (the narrator). Slavery does not exist anymore, but it can be
difficult to distuingish the life of a slave from that of a native African in
the 50's except from the fact that they do after all get paid for their work.
Sarah is very concerned about her children getting a good education. She
probably wants them to have a better life than she has had so far, and while
that is a very noble thought, the facts speak against it. Her children do not at
this time have a very good (if any) chance of getting a good solid education
because it is very expensive, and their mother does not make that much money.
Even if she did make enough money, her legs are bad, and at the end of the story,
she has to give up her job (and thus take her children out of the boarding
school) because she cannot afford to pay for the school. This is what could look
like the final blow to her children's future success in life. No education means
no chances of getting a better life in South Africa (and just about everywhere
else, too). But what if she did have enough money to give her children a proper
education - would that guarantee the children a good future life? I gravely
doubt it. As I said before, the blacks live almost like slaves, and as such,
they do not have the opportunity to climb the social ladder. All in all, Sarah's
hopes and dreams for her children are all very noble, but, unfortunately, at
that time and place, very unrealistic.
The narrator does not treat Sarah any better than most other white people
in South Africa at this time. While she allows Sarah's children to stay in her
house during Christmas, I think the only reason she does it is because she tries
to escape her own bad conscience. It is Christmas after all. Throughout the rest
of the year, she does not even think about helping Sarah's children financially
so they can stay in school. Even though she presumably has more money than Sarah
will ever see, the thought of helping her servant out does not strike her at any
point in the story. Her servant is her servant, and servants' children are not
someone she thinks about. This point is also very clear to see when one reads
the description of the narrator's thoughts about Sarah's children. She is
surprised at how well they behave, how good their manners are; as if she was
expecting a horde of wild animals instead of normal human beings. She is
undoubtedly not the only one to think this way about the blacks, they were
considered animals by many white people at that time. However, the narrator
seems to excuse her treatment and behaviour towards Sarah and her family with
ignorance (see lines 99-103). I find it hard to believe that this ignorance
really existed, but it is possible that it did, because the whites and the
blacks were so distinctly segregated by the apartheid system. Yet I find it hard
to believe that the narrator was completely unaware of Sarah's almost inhuman
standard of living. Surely, even though apartheid almost divided the whites and
the blacks into two separate worlds, she must have known something about the
conditions under which Sarah and her children lived, and that it was getting
worse as the days went by (because of the mother's bad legs).
When Janet, one of Sarah's two daughters, comes to visit the narrator in
the end of the story, the narrator once again displays her ignorance about the
blacks, but this time she openly admits it. Janet is, of course, in an
unpleasant situation when she stands in the back yard of her mother's former
employer. Everyone has some pride in themselves, and standing in the back yard,
asking for alms is, of course, very degrading to a proud person, no matter who
that person is. Janet has probably tried being in a similar situation before,
but now that her mother is unable to provide for the disintegrating family (her
father has lost his job and her sister has married and moved away), the life and
death of her family depends solely on her and her brother who are the only ones
working. Janet is of course very depressed and sad, but she cannot give up now.
Her last hope is that the narrator will help her out, and, fortunately, she does.
The handkerchief is actually the first thing the narrator has ever done to help
Sarah's children. It is not until that point in the story Janet realizes just
how bad things are with Sarah and her family. Of course, one could again be
tempted to think that it was only her bad conscience that made her give Janet
the clothes, but there is no way to be sure. I am, however, inclined to believe
that the narrator has finally realized how immense the difference between the
"black world" and the "white world" really is. However, the things she gives
Janet (some money and the handkerchief) will not last long, and what will Janet
do then? Come back for more, of course. I am not saying that the narrator is
doing something bad, but I do not think she realizes that Janet will probably
come back again. It is like giving a stray cat some food; it will always come
back for more. The question is if the narrator would give Janet more money if
she came back, and if it would be any help at all. The first question is easy:
Yes, she would give her more money if she came back - her conscience forbids her
to do otherwise. The second question is a bit more difficult to answer. Of
course the money is an instant help to Janet and her family, but only a very
insufficient one. The few dollars (or whatever currency they use in South
Africa) she gives Janet will only provide the family with a meal or two, and
after that they will be back to where they started, and would have to beg for
more money. Now, I am not saying charity does not help, but I do not think it
helps as much as many people would like to think it does. In many cases, it only
puts off the sufferings.
The apartheid system has officially been abolished in South Africa today,
but I think old habits die hard, so to speak. I am sure there are still blacks
like Sarah and her family who have to subordinate to the richer white population
even though - officially - apartheid does not exist there anymore. Societies do
not change overnight, especially not when one group has to give up its right and
privileges and share them with others (whom they dislike). Sarah's story is
undoubtedly not the worst example one could find, but no one knows what happened
after the scene in the narrator's back yard.

Translation: In the beginning of his well-known novel about a missing principal,
Hans Scherfig gives the following description of how it all started:
On the tenth of October, a horrible discovery was made on Amager Fælled.
A soldier found the horribly mutilated remains of a person who had literally
been blown to bits.
The police immediately started an extensive investigation, which was
somewhat complicated by the fact that it was impossible to identify the body.
Some small pieces of clothing were sent for chemical analysis, but since the
results would not be available until a week later, the police were unable to
proceed directly with solving the mystery.